When to quote and when to paraphrase

When using external information for your assignments, most of the times, it is better to paraphrase or summarize material than to quote it word-for-word. Using your own words allows you to:
 

But even when summarizing you have to acknowledge the author, and give enough information your reader to reach your source of information through:

- An in-text citation next to each paraphrased idea or borrowed image, and
- A reference in the bibliography by the end of the text. 

 
In-text citations
 
In-text citations must contain author's  last name and publication year enclosed in parenthesis.

Examples:

Tables and figures
 
Include a figure number and a title with a legend and caption below the image or table.

Example:
 Figure 4. Yemen crisis.

Note:Baby with a heart disorder gasps for air in an intensive-aid unit at a yemeni hospital. By Tugnoli (2019)

 
Bibliography

 

 A list of references alphabetically ordered must be provided at the end of your assessment task.

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher.
 
Example:
Stevenson, R. L. (1975). Treasure Island. Atheneum.

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical. volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

Example:
Duby, G. (1993). L'invention de l`histoire au mon médiéval. Cahiers d'Etudes Medièvales, 126, 910-924.

Author, A. A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal. https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Example:
Plagiarism. (2015, February 28). In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagiarism

 
 

Images

Author, A. A. (Date of publication). Title of image [Image]. https://www.someaddress.com/full/url

Example:
Tugnoli, L. (2019) Yemen crisis [Image]. https://i.blogs.es/fee2b8/yemen-lorenzo-tugnoli-02/1366_2000.jpg

Missing information
 

 Sometimes some data  is missing, and writing the reference can get more difficult.

- If author is missing start the reference by the title

Title. (Date of publication). https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
 
- If date is missing, write n.d. for no date.

Author, A. A. (n.d.). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.
 
- If title is missing, describe document inside square brackets, and then give source

Here's a sample of all of them combined:

 [Picture of a smart guy][Image]. (n.d.) . http://www.biblio.sek.es/catalunya/opac/
 

- Enclosed by quotation marks if they are shorter than 40 words or, 

- Placed in a free-standing "block quotation" on a new line, indented five spaces, when longer than 40 words.